Resumen
Purpose: This article creates a competitive intelligence framework to determine the results of physical fitness on data analytics. The paper discusses a practical issue that is common to sport organizations, fitness platforms, public-health programs, universities, and clinical exercise services: huge amounts of physical activity and health data are being produced, yet most institutions do not have a system that allows them to convert that data into actionable foresight regarding performance, adherence, and recovery and fitness risk.
Methodology/approach: Study is a synthesis of integrative literature analysis, followed by a simulation-based analysis illustration. A literature review of the recent literature on competitive intelligence, sport analytics, wearables, machine learning, physical activity monitoring, and ethical AI published between 2021 and 2025 was viewed to define the framework, and a literature informed synthetic panel of repeated fitness observations was operationalized in such a way that feature engineering, model benchmarking, calibration assessment, decision translation, and post-deployment drift monitoring could be applied.
Originality/Relevance: The originality of the article is the ability to combine the logic of competitive intelligence with the predictive fitness analytics. The previous research has typically investigated the wearable monitoring, exercise prediction, or sport analytics separately. This paper re-positions physical fitness prediction as an intelligence that can be used to make anticipatory decisions, prioritize resources, intervene at a personal level, and maintain competitive advantage.
Key findings: The model shows that useful fitness prediction is found when fusing physiology, training load, behaviour, recovery, and contextual signals over rolling time windows and assessing them using properties of nested validation. Both boosted-tree and temporal models were the best on the discrimination in the analytical illustration, but deployment quality was as well founded on the criterion of calibration, explainability, and drift and intervention prioritization governance.
Theoretical/methodological contributions: The article uses the theory of competitive intelligence in the context of the physical fitness analytics industry and offers a valid model that could be utilized by scholars and managers. It adds a process perspective of how organizations may transform raw data into prospective intelligence, defines critical variables and model options to predict physical fitness, and has a research agenda in future on validation, fairness, interoperability, and human-AI interaction.
Citas
Alam, S., Zhang, Y., Khasnabish, S., Ahmad, R., D’Souza, M., Tiwari, A., Asaduzzaman, M., & Wilson, C. (2023). The impact of consumer wearable devices on physical activity and adherence to physical activity in patients with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Telemedicine and e-Health, 29(7), 975–990. https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2022.0280
Alzahrani, A., & Ullah, A. (2024). Advanced biomechanical analytics: Wearable technologies for precision health monitoring in sports performance. DIGITAL HEALTH, 10, 20552076241256745. https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241256745
Assalve, G., Rivetti, G., Zito, M., Trestini, I., Mazzoni, M., Cavedon, V., & Galasso, L. (2024). Advanced wearable devices for monitoring sweat biochemical markers in athletic performance: A comprehensive review. Biosensors, 14(12), 574. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14120574
Babaei, N., Hannani, N., Dabanloo, N. J., Bahadori, S., Mokhtarzadeh, H., Ramezanzadeh, M., Cashin, A. G., Iaboni, A., Maleki Dizaj, F., & Clark, R. A. (2022). A systematic review of the use of commercial wearable activity trackers for monitoring recovery in individuals undergoing total hip replacement surgery. Cyborg and Bionic Systems, 2022, 9794641. https://doi.org/10.34133/2022/9794641
Bae, J.-H., Seo, J.-W., & Kim, D. Y. (2023). Deep-learning model for predicting physical fitness in possible sarcopenia: Analysis of the Korean physical fitness award from 2010 to 2023. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1241388. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1241388
Bai, Z., & Bai, X. (2021). Sports big data: Management, analysis, applications, and challenges. Complexity, 2021, 6676297. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6676297
Biró, A., Rátosi, M., Fábián, G., Molnár, L., Czövek, A., Fecske, R., & Varga, J. (2023). Machine learning on prediction of relative physical activity intensity using medical radar sensor and 3D accelerometer. Sensors, 23(7), 3595. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073595
Cadden, T., Weerawardena, J., Cao, G., Duan, Y., & McIvor, R. (2023). Examining the role of big data and marketing analytics in SMEs innovation and competitive advantage: A knowledge integration perspective. Journal of Business Research, 168, 114225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.114225
Cossich, V. R. A., Carlgren, D., Holash, R. J., & Katz, L. (2023). Technological breakthroughs in sport: Current practice and future potential of artificial intelligence, virtual reality, augmented reality, and modern data visualization in performance analysis. Applied Sciences, 13(23), 12965. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132312965
Ferguson, T., Olds, T., Curtis, R., Blake, H., Crozier, A. J., Dankiw, K., Dumuid, D., Kasai, D., O’Connor, E., Virgara, R., & Maher, C. (2022). Effectiveness of wearable activity trackers to increase physical activity and improve health: A systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The Lancet Digital Health, 4(8), e615–e626. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(22)00111-X
Ferraz, A., Duarte-Mendes, P., Sarmento, H., Valente-Dos-Santos, J., & Travassos, B. (2023). Tracking devices and physical performance analysis in team sports: A comprehensive framework for research—trends and future directions. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 5, 1284086. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1284086
Giurgiu, M., Ketelhut, S., Kubica, C., Rosenbaum, D., & Schumann, M. (2023). Assessment of 24-hour physical behaviour in adults via wearables: A systematic review of validation studies under laboratory conditions. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 20(1), 68. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-023-01473-7
Glebova, E., Desbordes, M., Geczi, G., & Gurova, V. (2024). Artificial intelligence development and dissemination impact on the sports industry labor market. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 6, 1363892. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2024.1363892
Hassani, A., & Mosconi, E. (2021). Competitive intelligence and absorptive capacity for enhancing innovation performance of SMEs. Journal of Intelligence Studies in Business, 11(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/10.37380/jisib.v11i1.692
Hassani, A., & Mosconi, E. (2022). Social media analytics, competitive intelligence, and dynamic capabilities in manufacturing SMEs. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 175, 121416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121416
Hyde, E. T., Whitfield, G. P., Omura, J. D., Fulton, J. E., & Carlson, S. A. (2021). Trends in meeting the physical activity guidelines: Muscle-strengthening alone and combined with aerobic activity, United States, 1998–2018. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 18(S1), S37–S44. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2021-0077
Joensuu, L., Rautiainen, I., Äyrämö, S., Syväoja, H. J., Kauppi, J.-P., Kujala, U. M., & Tammelin, T. H. (2021). Precision exercise medicine: Predicting unfavourable status and development in the 20-m shuttle run test performance in adolescence with machine learning. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 7(2), e001053. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001053
Jossa-Bastidas, O., Zahia, S., Fuente-Vidal, A., Sánchez Férez, N., Roda Noguera, O., Montane, J., & Garcia-Zapirain, B. (2021). Predicting physical exercise adherence in fitness apps using a deep learning approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(20), 10769. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010769
Kim, J.-H., Kim, J., Kang, H., & Youn, B.-Y. (2025). Ethical implications of artificial intelligence in sport: A systematic scoping review. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 14, 101047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101047
Krakowski, S., Luger, J., & Raisch, S. (2023). Artificial intelligence and the changing sources of competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 44(6), 1425–1452. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3387
Kristoffersson, A., & Lindén, M. (2022). A systematic review of wearable sensors for monitoring physical activity. Sensors, 22(2), 573. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22020573
Liang, Y.-T., Wang, C., & Hsiao, C. K. (2024). Data analytics in physical activity studies with accelerometers: Scoping review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 26, e59497. https://doi.org/10.2196/59497
Liu, H. (2021). Predictive analysis of health/physical fitness in adolescence and its correlation with health promotion behavior attitudes. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 691669. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.691669
Mandorino, M., Clubb, J., & Lacome, M. (2024). Predicting soccer players’ fitness status through a machine-learning approach. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 19(5), 443–453. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2023-0444
Mănescu, D. C. (2025). Big data analytics framework for decision-making in sports performance optimization. Data, 10(7), 116. https://doi.org/10.3390/data10070116
Master, H., Annis, J., Huang, S., Beckman, J. A., Ratsimbazafy, F., Marginean, K., Carroll, R., Natarajan, K., Harrell, F. E., Roden, D. M., Harris, P., Brittain, E. L., & Ramirez, A. H. (2022). Association of step counts over time with the risk of chronic disease in the All of Us Research Program. Nature Medicine, 28(11), 2301–2308. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-02012-w
Nassis, G. P., Ravé, G., Arcos, A. L., Torres, L., Brito, J., & Wagemans, J. (2023). A review of machine learning applications in soccer with an emphasis on injury risk. Biology of Sport, 40(1), 233–239. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2023.114283
Olsen, R. J., Krabak, B. J., Stovitz, S. D., Thigpen, C. A., Monseau, A. J., Kaeding, C. C., Spindler, K. P., & Ahmad, C. S. (2025). The fundamentals and applications of wearable sensor devices in sports medicine: A scoping review. Arthroscopy, 41(2), 473–492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2024.01.042
Olthof, S., & Davis, J. (2025). Perspectives on data analytics for gaining a competitive advantage in football: Computational approaches to tactics. Science and Medicine in Football, 1–13. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2025.2533784
Petek, B. J., Baggish, A. L., Cifu, A. S., Delgado, D., Lubitz, S. A., Patton, K. K., Scher, D. L., Turakhia, M. P., Wende, A. R., & Wasfy, M. M. (2023). Consumer wearable health and fitness technology in cardiovascular medicine: JACC state-of-the-art review. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 82(3), 245–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2023.04.054
Pietraszewski, P., Terbalyan, A., Roczniok, R., Maszczyk, A., Ornowski, K., Manilewska, D., Kuliś, S., Zając, A., & Gołaś, A. (2025). The role of artificial intelligence in sports analytics: A systematic review and meta-analysis of performance trends. Applied Sciences, 15(13), 7254. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137254
Ranjan, J., & Foropon, C. (2021). Big data analytics in building the competitive intelligence of organizations. International Journal of Information Management, 56, 102231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102231
Rebelo, A., Simão, T., Costa, S., Marcelino, R., Pereira, N., Marinho, D. A., Carvalho, H. M., & Brito, J. (2023). From data to action: A scoping review of wearable technologies and biomechanical assessments informing injury prevention strategies in sport. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 15(1), 169. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-023-00783-4
Seçkin, A. Ç., Ateş, B., & Seçkin, M. (2023). Review on wearable technology in sports: Concepts, challenges and opportunities. Applied Sciences, 13(18), 10399. https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810399
Shei, R.-J., Holder, I. G., Oumsang, A. S., Paris, B. A., & Paris, H. L. (2022). Wearable activity trackers—advanced technology or advanced marketing? European Journal of Applied Physiology, 122(9), 1975–1990. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-022-04951-1
Singh, R., Master, H., Huang, S., Wildes, T. S., Natarajan, K., Beckman, J. A., Tan, W. H. X., Sorond, F., Brittain, E. L., Marginean, K., & Ramirez, A. H. (2024). Analysis of physical activity using wearable health technology in US adults enrolled in the All of Us Research Program: Multiyear observational study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 26, e65095. https://doi.org/10.2196/65095
Souaifi, M., Dhahbi, W., Jebabli, N., Ceylan, H. İ., Boujabli, M., Muntean, R. I., & Dergaa, I. (2025). Artificial intelligence in sports biomechanics: A scoping review on wearable technology, motion analysis, and injury prevention. Bioengineering, 12(8), 887. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12080887
Wang, W., Xie, L., Wang, H., Yu, Y., Zhang, Y., Gong, X., Li, W., Yu, F., Wang, X., & Yang, L. (2022). The effectiveness of wearable devices as physical activity interventions for preventing and treating obesity in children and adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 10(4), e32435. https://doi.org/10.2196/32435
Watanabe, N. M., Shapiro, S., & Drayer, J. (2021). Big data and analytics in sport management. Journal of Sport Management, 35(3), 197–202. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2021-0067
Zhou, D., Zhang, X., Memmert, D., Wang, L., & Larkin, P. (2025). Artificial intelligence in sport: A narrative review of applications, challenges and future trends. Journal of Sports Sciences, 1–16. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2025.2518694

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Derechos de autor 2026 Journal of Sustainable Competitive Intelligence

